Hal Fan Hour

  • Subscribe to our RSS feed.
  • Twitter
  • StumbleUpon
  • Reddit
  • Facebook
  • Digg

Wednesday, 8 May 2013

CN1376 AcadMOOC

Posted on 17:06 by Unknown

7:54 pm

Stephen Downes
T -5 minutes
7:55 pm

Mary Zedeck
Hi Stephen!
7:55 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
Excellent. Almost midnight here.
7:55 pm
Javier Benítez disconnected
7:57 pm

Susan Dixon
Aloha from Hawaii!
7:57 pm
Javier Benítez connected
7:57 pm
Kenneth Ronkowitz disconnected
7:58 pm
JH Shannon connected
7:58 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
Hello from Manchester, UK!
7:59 pm
Kenneth Ronkowitz connected
7:59 pm
JH Shannon disconnected
8:00 pm
JH Shannon connected
8:00 pm

Stephen Downes
OK, I`m set - it has been ages since I`ve done a text chat
8:00 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
I feel like some kind of Mac vs. Windows battle has been created with the cMOOC vs. the xMOOC. Is this useful or harmful? (or does it just confuse & frighten newbies?)
8:01 pm

Stephen Downes
Mostly it just confuses newbies. It's not really harmful, as the xMOOCs will gradually evolve to become more like cMOOCs - witness Coursera's new 'teacher support' announcement today. But it won't matter because the companies won't survive too long; they'll most likely be acquired by Pearson o Blackboard
8:02 pm
WILLIAM A. SHAPARD III connected
8:02 pm
George Meghabghab connected
8:02 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
I'm not sure if the average MOOC participant(if there is such a thing) is even aware of this distinction?
8:03 pm
Wendy Gilbert connected
8:03 pm

Stephen Downes
Probably not
8:03 pm

Caryn N
is cMOOC or xMOOC still an acronym?
8:03 pm

Caryn N
kind of confuses things a little, imho
8:03 pm

Stephen Downes
The experience of course is different, tho - they certainly notice when they're in a cMOOC - but there isn't much crossover from xMOOC to cMOOC, I don't think
8:03 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
there are plenty more in the acronym soup now
8:03 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
Are you currently teaching a MOOC?
8:04 pm

Stephen Downes
MOOC = 'Massive Open Online Course', cMOOC = 'connectivist MOOC', xMOOC = 'eXtended MOOC'
8:04 pm
WILLIAM A. SHAPARD III disconnected
8:04 pm

Denise Kreiger
Stephen, when you say the "companies won't survive too long" are you talking about Coursera and Udacity?
8:04 pm

Stephen Downes
Not teaching one right now, maybe this fall (buit with National Research Council's new mandate to serve business only, it gets harder)
8:05 pm

Stephen Downes
Coursera and Udacity, yes
8:05 pm

Denise Kreiger
why do you think they won
8:05 pm

Denise Kreiger
won't survive?
8:05 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
because universities will take over?
8:05 pm

Stephen Downes
They're too small, they're too new and inexperienced, and the mainstream LMS companies have a huge advantage over them
8:06 pm

George Meghabghab
Are you saying edX will make it
8:06 pm

Denise Kreiger
But Ed-X is university -based, no?
8:06 pm

JH Shannon
the only universities with the resources to do that are those with great research bases, more likely the big higher Ed publishing houses will jump into the content development and perhaps delivery side
8:06 pm

Stephen Downes
EdX has a better chance if it attracts an open source community, but there is the danger of it becoming niche, like Sakai
8:07 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
Isn't the signature track that Coursera is offering a valid long term monetization strategy?
8:07 pm

JH Shannon
sorry, resource bases
8:07 pm

Stephen Downes
MOOCs don't dfepend on content publishing - that's one of the myths that the new MOOC companies propagate, that MOOCs must be developed from the ground up at great cost - but in fact, MOOCs arfe the ideal vehicle for using existing open educational resources - just the way they linked to a bunch of my resources in this chat area before the chat started
8:08 pm

Mary Zedeck
From your experience teaching MOOCs, what do you think is the most difficult part for the instructor? And, what is the most difficult part for the students?
8:08 pm

Stephen Downes
The signature track is Coursera's best bety - but it's too easy to commoditize
8:08 pm

Stephen Downes
Thinking...
8:09 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
about signature track http://blog.coursera.org/post/​40080531667/signaturetrack
8:09 pm

Stephen Downes
For students, it is and always has been a combination of motivation and finding the time
8:09 pm
Michelle Mansfield connected
8:10 pm
Caryn N disconnected
8:10 pm

Stephen Downes
For instructors, it varies
8:10 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
Personally, I think many of the "issues" academics have with MOOCs are ones that have been discussed about online learning in generals for a few decades (such as academic integrity, encouraging engagement) What are issues that are unique to MOOCs? I'm thinking it's more about grades (peer grading etc.), credits...
8:10 pm
Caryn N connected
8:10 pm

Stephen Downes
The xMOOCs demand a lot of instructor time as they make 80 or so 5 minute videos
8:10 pm

Stephen Downes
The cMOOCs can be crazy and chaotic and for instructors the realization that they don't control the course can be difficult to ddeal with
8:11 pm
JH Shannon disconnected
8:11 pm
JH Shannon connected
8:12 pm

Stephen Downes
For xMOOCs the issues are your straightforward issues - quality control, keeping students interested and active, assessment and credentials
8:12 pm
JH Shannon connected
8:12 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
cMOOCs demand a lot of effort from participants to engage within the community. Do you foresee this as a drawback from getting truly "massive" cMOOCs? Just not enough motivated learners?
8:12 pm

Stephen Downes
cMOOCs don't worry about any of that, because cMOOCs allow anyone to bring in resources, let participants choose & select quality resources for themselves, support various degrees of participation, and don't really worry about assessment
8:12 pm

Wendy Gilbert
This is my first MOOC -- and first "chat class." My question is, we have been hearing about MOOCs for a few years now -- why are they suddenly SO popular in the media?
8:13 pm

Stephen Downes
Anything tyhat demands effort will have trouble attaining mass participation, but that's ok, the goasl isn't to be massive (anything over 150 will work fine) the goal is to be open, accessible and personal
8:13 pm

Wendy Gilbert
We are starting to use the phrase "I am 'MOOCed' out" because we are bombarded with articles about MOOCs.
8:14 pm

Denise Kreiger
When offering a MOOC 'for credit' (cMOOC or xMOOC),' how do you offer a comparable quality learning experience for students where their work will be evaluated to see if they've met the outcomes = course credit? With thousands of students, it's difficult to 'manage' that many students and evaluate their work (including discussion boards which are unwieldy) - and peer-evaluation does not seem a comparable evaluation for course credit.
8:14 pm

Stephen Downes
They are suddenly so popular in the media because people with the right media contacts and PR departments launched some
8:14 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
The NY Times needed an end of year article for the education section and decided 2012 was "the year of the MOOC" ;-)
8:14 pm

Wendy Gilbert
Aha...
8:14 pm

George Meghabghab
A project based MOOC is the answer ( I am thinking in the sciences)
8:15 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
Project based MOOCs.. interesting.
8:15 pm

George Meghabghab
I am developing one for my college as a pilot. I am doing a project based MOOC.
8:16 pm
Rob Straby connected
8:16 pm

Stephen Downes
@Denise - even if I were teaching an xMOOC, I wouldn't be trying to 'manage' students, or for that matter, much of the learning process at all - because management at scale becomes either inefficient (you tend to manage more poorly, because you don't know individual people) or impossible (because you can't get to know that many people)
8:16 pm

Caryn N
one of the MOOCs I took had a lab exercise, but it only used "household items" - it was very interesting!
8:16 pm
Rob Straby connected
8:16 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
I said up front that this "course" was not a course but a Conversation with most of the trad course stuff left out (assignments, grades...) Is that a use of MOOC platforms you see occurring more?
8:17 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
I was thinking about the sciences as well... most cMOOCs that I've looked at have been on education related topics, attracting people largely within academia.. how will the cMOOC framework translate to a science/math course that traditionally requires a lot of "instruction" and "testing"? Really curious about this one.
8:18 pm

Denise Kreiger
@Stephen - then how do you offer MOOCs for course credit and have it be transferable-worthy to other colleges and universities?
8:18 pm

Stephen Downes
My own take on course credit is that it's irrelevant. We have software now that can examine your work and determine whether you are qualified. People will do more and more of their work online. Over time, this will become mainstream. Course credits and academic credentials will become pointless, as work evaluation systems will examine your academic work directly, with each employer using a different set of criteria, and assigning you a different grade deopending on their needs and interests
8:18 pm

George Meghabghab
MOOCs are here to stay whether you play or not. The content is free on youtube, Khan's academy. You cannot just delete that.
8:18 pm

Stephen Downes
Lab exercises for MOOCs - there will be a long-term demand for physical learning facilities
8:19 pm
Mohamed Khadim connected
8:19 pm

Caryn N
re: the sciences on MOOCs - one tool that is used is ALEKS (http://www.aleks.com/)
8:19 pm

Rob Straby
Stephen, your thoughts about credit are interesting, what do you think of the Mozilla Badge project? Is this a viable or desirable option?
8:20 pm

Caryn N
re: physical learning facilities - that also raises concerns about the "internationalization" of these MOOCs, yes? iow, we might have great facilities in areas of the US, but that's not necessarily true around the world
8:20 pm

Stephen Downes
Eg. I just learned yesterday how to make cheese sauce using sodium citrate - but who keeps Spdium Citrate around? Better to go to a fully stocked food preparation learning centre and try it out ( http://www.chow.com/recipes/30​493-perfectly-melting-cheese )
8:20 pm
Rob Straby connected
8:20 pm

George Meghabghab
edX offered a "hardware" course without labs. It was only electronic simulation. And very successful..
8:21 pm

Stephen Downes
@George - yes, the content is free. People don't realize this. This was the basic insight behind cMOOCs, in 2008 (well, one of them). We realized we didn't have to 'design' a course, we just needed to weave together a network of related resources. Which is, after all, connectivism.
8:22 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
Generally potential students are confused by all the MOOC providers - though they may only know the big 3. This also happens with OER. Would it be helpful to have one aggregation point for MOOC registration - or is that no "one world" monopolistic?
8:22 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
too "one world" monopolistic?
8:22 pm

Javier Benítez
Do you foresee learning analytics becoming more robust in assessing the learners in courses online?
8:22 pm

Stephen Downes
There's so much free content- there were millions of resources before Khan, millions since. It's like poeople have no idea. cMOOCs, once people realize how they're built, will become mainstream, because they make use of existing content. (= no cost)
8:22 pm

Stephen Downes
@Rob I haven't pursued badges with any sort of vigour
8:23 pm

Mohamed Khadim
What's the difference between MOOC and the flipped classroom.? Is it the sheer numbers? Or is it that there is still physical contact with instructors and students in an actual classroom ?
8:23 pm

Stephen Downes
@Caryn - I agree re:internationalization - but the content and instruction have always been the really expensive part, and MOOCs eliminate most of that cost
8:23 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
@Mohamed, I think flipped classrooms are a more blended learning approach, with actual physical classes to complement the online learning materials.
8:24 pm

Stephen Downes
@George - yeah, I've seen a lot of 'lab' courses using simulations. That's one area for significant future growth. Unfortunately, building sims is high overhead. It's a place publishers will focus on, and generate good return.
8:24 pm

Susan Dixon
I always thought with all the FREE content ...why do we spend so much time re-inventing the wheel. We need a revolution!
8:25 pm

George Meghabghab
That is why Pearson is working with EdX.
8:26 pm

Stephen Downes
@Javier - learning analytics will be useful, to a degree, but run squarely into privacy and security problems (eg., do you want people being trained for corporate or military learning submitting their analytiocs to Google (or their subsidiary overseas)?
8:26 pm

Stephen Downes
In a MOOC, instructional activities take place online (like today's event, for example). And they're open. In a flipped classroom, instructional activities take place offline, in a classroom, and they're closed.
8:27 pm
Susan Dixon connected
8:27 pm

Susan Dixon
What is Grasshopper?
8:28 pm

Stephen Downes
@Susan - exactly. The *big* lesson people *should* have learned from Khan is that the content can be pretty low quality and still be useful. I watched a video today to repair my web radio station - I had to set up a YP Hash - and it had no sound or anything, and minimal guidance - but it was the quiclkest & most effocient eway to address my problem
8:29 pm

Mary Zedeck
but you figured it out yourself - with no instruction from a teacher
8:29 pm

Stephen Downes
gRSShopper is software I authored in order to support cMOOCs - I think it's the only cMOOC sofwtare that exists (though people can use WordPress with some plugins to get some of the effect, that's what ds106 does)
8:30 pm

JH Shannon
Then is not that the question vis-à-vis the relationship between books and higher Ed, the differentiation between higher level learning and simply figuring out how to do something?
8:30 pm

Stephen Downes
@Mary - I figured it out for myself, using the video, with no teacher, yes. Which tells me that having a teacher for this would have been inefficient.
8:31 pm

Javier Benítez
Besides having a set length of time, what are the advantages of having a "course"? Can't we just put all the content online and let people interact with it whenever they like? Thanks
8:31 pm

Mohamed Khadim
I think MOOCs can be quite useful from an accessibility perspective once the student is able to overcome some of the overwhelmingly technical barriers. For example not everyone may be comfortable with a chat session and this creates barrier. How does one approach differentiation from a technology perspective.
8:31 pm

Mary Zedeck
@Stephen, then why school?
8:31 pm
JH Shannon disconnected
8:31 pm

Rob Straby
Which plugins support a MOOC delivery in WordPress?
8:31 pm
Rob Straby connected
8:32 pm
Roz Hussin connected
8:32 pm

Stephen Downes
@JH - a couple of things: first, formal learning tends to be knowledge-oriented (deep enquiry, and all that), while informal learning tends to be task-oriented (I need to know x to do y)
8:32 pm

Susan Dixon
Sorry about spelling...gRSShopper....Funny​ how the articles I read a week ago etched in my brain as Grasshopper. ; )
8:32 pm

Stephen Downes
One of the things offering a *course* did was to make the informal learning a bit less task-based, and to foster reflection over a series of activities and events, promoting the deeper form of learning
8:33 pm

Roz Hussin
@Stephen, have you seen any GOOD qualitative studies YET done on MOOC outcomes?
8:33 pm

Javier Benítez
is informal learning equivalent to tacit knowledge?
8:33 pm

Stephen Downes
@Mohamed - that was key for us - we set up our MOOCs to allow people to participate with *any* online technology they were comfortable with (in contrast to the platform-based xMOOCs, which demand you adapt to their approach) - because people have different issues with different tech
8:34 pm

Stephen Downes
@Rob the major one is FeedPress
8:34 pm
JH Shannon connected
8:35 pm

Stephen Downes
@Javier No, informal learning is not tacit knowledge, though the two are often spoken of as the same thing - informal learning is learning that takes place onm an occasional basis, without a structure or plan, while tacit knowledge is knowledge that is ineffable, that is, knowledge that cannot be expressed in language or visual images
8:36 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
Mary posted a link to "I’m Still Confused as to Why Lecture Hall Classes Are Bad and xMOOCs Are Good? http://tinyurl.com/br83eu2 How would you answer that question?
8:36 pm

Javier Benítez
I think it's difficult to have people buy in to the connectivist learning theory because they've depended so much on textbooks for knowledge. what are the advantages you see in a connectivist learning theory that's not present in others? thanks
8:36 pm

Stephen Downes
(Most of our knowledge is tacit knowledge, very little of what we know is explicit and expressible - which is why learning based on memory is insufficient, you miss most of what an expert knows - and why part of the MOOC model (well, the cMOOC model) is based on immersion into an authentic environment
8:37 pm

Stephen Downes
)
8:37 pm

Mohamed Khadim
Is there a worry that individuals with means in the developing and third world countries may exploit the free offering because they have access to computers and telecommunications while an entire village may not. How does a university avoid potential exploitation.
8:37 pm

Javier Benítez
I really like that about the cMOOC model
8:38 pm

Stephen Downes
@Kenneth Lecture Hall classes are bad because they do not have the support of a major public relations campaign and marketing; xMOOCs are 'good' because they do. (tongue-in-cheek)
8:38 pm

Roz Hussin
@Stephen - clarification on "qualitative studies" - has anyone looked at the impact of MOOCs on how people have changed their interaction style/efficiency after engaging in successful cMOOCs?
8:38 pm

Stephen Downes
@Mohamed - yes there is - I remember when OLPC (One Laptop Per Child) was first being launched, there was concern that the wealthy people in the communities would steal the laptops from the children and would use them for themselves
8:39 pm

Stephen Downes
@Mohamed - of course, this isn't just a problem in the developing world - in North America the wealthy people attend their own very expensive universities where they learn from high-priced professors and forge a business network that will serve them over a lifetime - giving them, for example, access to public relations and media campaigns should they launch a new product or service
8:40 pm

Stephen Downes
@Roz good question - Rita Kop may have mentioned it, but I can't say for sure
8:41 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
There was an interesting paper by Rita Kop on the challenges of connectivist learning in MOOCs, worth a read. http://www.irrodl.org/index.ph​p/irrodl/article/view/882
8:41 pm

Caryn N
The other concern with access is *internet* access, correct? It's one thing to have a laptop, it's another to be able to connect to a website with the bandwidth that's necessary to view the videos
8:41 pm

George Meghabghab
And now these same universities are offering courses free to the public while only the rich and famous could afford them.
8:42 pm

JH Shannon
@Stephen what do you think will be the longer-term impact of hoax
8:42 pm

JH Shannon
MOOCs on higher ed
8:42 pm

Stephen Downes
@Geworge - yes, they give the courses away - but people go to Yale or Stanfoprd (etc) not for the courses, but for the social, business and political connections - you pay a lot of money for that, and they're not giving *that* away
8:42 pm

Denise Kreiger
Having to do with the "Why Lecture Halls are Bad; xMOOCs are Good" article, I have a concern about the instructional design of MOOCs - if the lectures are chunked and moved online - the MOOC can still resemble the traditional lecture-based model that we're trying to move away from in universities - towards more engaging student-centered learning. Looking at resources in a cMOOC doesn't make a course 'engaging and collaborative with deep learning and critical thinking' necessarily, does it?
8:43 pm
Maribel Pepe connected
8:44 pm

Roz Hussin
@Janesh Thanks
8:44 pm

Stephen Downes
@Caryn - internet access is a huge issue - I just talked with a group of administrators working at University College of the North, in Manitoba, where many communities don't have roads connecting them to the outside world, where services are minimal, and internet is onbly available by dial-up or sdatellite - it really changes the dynamics - my thinking here was, focus on what makes MOOCs (cMOOCs, at least) work - create mechanisms for creation and interaction, even if you have to fly DVDs full of content back and forth
8:44 pm

Caryn N
that's an interesting idea - media on the fly!
8:45 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
@Stephen, based on the Kop paper I just linked, she mentions the need for "critical literacies" to engage in cMOOCs. While we're on the topic of the developing world (I come from India), I can't imagine how learners from my country would actually engage with cMOOCs, as the "instructivist" approach is so deeply ingrained within the learning culture here. At the same time, if we look at some of the data on xMOOCs, Indians make up the largest contingent of learners (after the US/Britain).. any comment?
8:46 pm

Roz Hussin
@stephen - what is your opinion on the current LANGUAGE divide? that MOOCs only benefit the English speaking world right now?
8:46 pm

Stephen Downes
@Denise - you're exactly right - the resources are not what make the MOOC (either cMOOC or xMOOC) and it is a mistake to focus too much on them. I call them the McGuffin - the thing that catches people's interest, and makes them want to follow the story, but something inherently meaningless and interchangeable - what makes a MOOC work are the connections and interactions - a community of people working throught he ideas and conceptrs for themselves
8:46 pm

Javier Benítez
@Stephen is learning in a cMOOC just a display of understanding the content?
8:46 pm

George Meghabghab
You can use a translator and view the whole content in your language.
8:47 pm

Mohamed Khadim
@Stephen - perhaps a governance model may emerge that will Address issues of access, hoax, quality, deep instruction etc. or perhaps individual universities have already developed governance and qualitative evaluation models.
8:47 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
@George, yes you can view the content, but can you actually participate? Surely learning is more than just viewing content.
8:47 pm

Maribel Pepe
Of course you have a good connection speed help, but we have found that the most important is access to content, students often go to a cyber if they have problems at home with Connect
8:48 pm

Stephen Downes
@Janesh - I've seen some evidence of the deeply ingrained instructivist nature myself - I remember doing a tywo-day seminar in Malaysia - the first day they all sat and waited for me to teach them, the second day, my instruction to them was, basically, 'teach yourselves' - I have them an assignment, a project, and in groups they needed to work it out
8:48 pm

Susan Dixon
Stephen ... Are cMOOCs "Montessori Gone Wild" for big people? O_O
8:48 pm

Stephen Downes
MOOCs can have that effect - the 'critical literacies' Kop talks about related to a course we taughht, where participants are given the basic tools they need in order to learn for themselves
8:49 pm

George Meghabghab
Montessori went free!!!!!!!!!!!
8:49 pm

Rob Straby
Stephen, your piece on Internet access is key, access is a real issue in northern and rural Canada. I worked on a hybrid project for northern communities, we used WordPress as it was functional on a dial-up connection. I think we need to be sensitive to the technology issues on the learner side.
8:49 pm

Roz Hussin
@Stephen and @Janesh - I am working on a qualitative research project (in hope of) mapping out Connectivist literacies needed for engaging in cMOOCs... Would you have any advice/input? and/or better yet, can I contact you to get advice/input?
8:50 pm

Stephen Downes
> just a display of understanding the content? No - unless you thing of 'understanding' very broadly - to me, learning is *literally* the formation of a series of connections in the brain, learning X is *literally* forming a set of connections such that the cognitive capacities of a student of X are relevantly similar to those of an expert in X, where relevant similarity can be measured through a comparison of the totality of their interactions of practitioners of X, artifacts having to do with X, and performance of functoions related to X
8:51 pm

Denise Kreiger
How does a university offering MOOCs deal with all the digital-divide issues on a global scale so that students can communicate, access/view content, and 'create' content - not just 'consume'?
8:52 pm

Stephen Downes
> students often go to a cyber if they have problems at home with Connect -- cybercafes are one of the world's great invention - they are essential in many areas of the world (coffee optional but nice)
8:52 pm

Javier Benítez
@Stephen thanks
8:52 pm

Maribel Pepe
@Stephen Thanks. As the number of participants in the MOOC, how many (number) of teachers or assistants must have?
8:52 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
@Roz, not sure if I can be of any help, but I'll do whatever I can janesh.sanzgiri@gmail.com
8:52 pm

George Meghabghab
Speaking of digital divide: Students own smartphones 2 to 1 compared to Faculty.
8:53 pm

Stephen Downes
@Rob, yes, I am sensitiv e - that's why for example in addition to having live video chats, I broadcast an audio feed on my radio station - because people using mobile phones can access shoutcast and listen to the class, even if they don't have good internet
8:53 pm

Stephen Downes
phew, was falling behind there
8:54 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
:)
8:54 pm

Denise Kreiger
:)
8:54 pm

Stephen Downes
@Marfibel, there's no number that I've observed, we've always taught MOOCs with three or four people, plus weekly guests, but I imagine it could be done with less (but there's never really a reason to, there alwasys seems to be someone willing to step up and help out)
8:55 pm

Maribel Pepe
@Stephen thanks
8:56 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
To be honest, I am quite sceptical about cMOOCs being popular in India, it will require a major paradigm shift in order to do so. In fact, most of the participants in the "xMOOCs" from India can be attributed to the "big name universities" and the additional line it might add to their CV.
8:56 pm

Stephen Downes
@Geworge - absoluetly, and they don't use email or the web in anything like the numbers older people do - part of the core design fro cMOOCs (but not xMOOCs) was to be platform-agnostic, so we supported and encouraged people to use Twitter, Facebook, Posterous, Tumbly, whatever
8:56 pm

Rob Straby
ShoutCast, great idea, I like how you adapt material so that it can be accessed in multiple sources!
8:57 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
It's great to read about pedagogical innovations and experimentation such as connectivism, but this is quite a long way from reaching fruition in the developing world, where access to a basic education itself is always not granted.
8:57 pm

Stephen Downes
Hard to say Janesh - the people from India I've spoken to have been enthusiastic - I take your point about the line in the c.v. but at a certain point it becomes about what you know and can do, not just your c.v.
8:58 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
Yes, I am just generally very pessimistic :-)
8:59 pm

Maribel Pepe
@Stephen How do we encourage participants to create learning networks?
8:59 pm

Susan Dixon
I tried to register for your course...It says the site is not open to new registrations. ???
8:59 pm

Stephen Downes
@Rob I use windows 'stereo mix' as my default audio source for everything, put up with a little microphone echo in my earphones, and stream out the same audio feed to Shoutcast, Hangout (or Skype, or Elluminate, depending on what I'm suing), and Audacity (for the recording)
9:00 pm

Stephen Downes
@Susan I'm not doing any courses right now, that's why
9:00 pm
Mohamed Khadim disconnected
9:00 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
We are coming up to the one hour point and I don't want Stephen to get trapped here - but anyone can stay and continue this chat.

Last chance for questions?
9:00 pm

Caryn N
It also seems like many of the courses that have been developed are very university/intellectually minded (i.e. physics, algebra, etc) - any idea why there aren't more practical MOOCs (i.e. how to grow a really great crop, or organizing a grass-roots movement, etc)
9:00 pm

Stephen Downes
But you don't need to register, all the materials (including videos and recordings) are available on the website
9:00 pm

Caryn N
I should have put "practical" in quotes...
9:01 pm

Rob Straby
@Janesh, I have Canadian students with similar issues. I deliver a constructivist approach that I feel is in between connectivist and instructivist models. The reflective projects help to lead students in a more self directed way.
9:01 pm

Denise Kreiger
@Stephen - thank you!
9:01 pm

Susan Dixon
Thank you Stephen!!!
9:01 pm

Roz Hussin
@Maribel, in my humble opinion, based on first hand experience watching learning networks start out strong, then sizzle out, it isn;t about engaging or starting... the key is to SUSTAIN the learning network...
9:01 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
Thankyou Stephen for taking time out to do this. And Kenneth for organizing :-)
9:01 pm

Roz Hussin
thanks for the chat
9:01 pm
Denise Kreiger disconnected
9:01 pm

Stephen Downes
@Caryn - because they're not needed - people just Google what they need to know - if they want lessons, they just search specifically for videos
9:01 pm
JH Shannon disconnected
9:02 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
It has been very active here - imagine if a few hundred people DID show up!
9:02 pm

Mary Zedeck
Thank you Stephen for joining us. Great discussion!
9:02 pm

George Meghabghab
THANK YOU!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
9:02 pm

Stephen Downes
@Rob interestingly I have the most problems with teachers whjo are constructivists - they want my course to be completely conmstructivist, but of course when people define their own learning path, it isn';t
9:02 pm

Caryn N
Thanks, Stephen - your input is greatly appreciated!
9:02 pm
Mohamed Khadim connected
9:03 pm

Stephen Downes
@Kenneth if a few hundred people showed up I would have tyuped as many answers as I did today, but more people would have read them :)
9:03 pm

Roz Hussin
Kenneth, I think some people got lost in the time zone difference...
9:03 pm

Janesh Sanzgiri
Glad I stayed up for this :)
9:03 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
@Stephen Yes, but 400 questions? Geeeez
9:03 pm

Stephen Downes
Thanks everyone, this has been a lot of fun - can I ask the organizers whether there will be an archive of this chat available in open access somewher?
9:03 pm

Roz Hussin
yes, archive would be GREAT!
9:04 pm

Mary Zedeck
I will create a chat archive and send it to you Stephen
9:04 pm

Stephen Downes
@Kenneth - the trick is to not feel oblicated to answer 400 questions, or even to read them all
9:04 pm

Stephen Downes
The expert is just one person in the conversation
9:04 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
we could post it - what do you think would be a good place for it?
9:04 pm

Roz Hussin
"the trick is to not feel oblicated to answer 400 questions, or even to read them all" .... this sounds like a MOOC literacy too!
9:04 pm

Mohamed Khadim
Thanks folks. It was a good experience.
9:04 pm

Rob Straby
Thanks for your incredible insights Stephen, you have covered an incredible territory!
9:04 pm

Stephen Downes
I can post it on my blog
9:05 pm
Caryn N disconnected
9:05 pm
Michelle Mansfield disconnected
9:05 pm


9:05 pm

Mary Zedeck
And, post the chat archive in the course as well. Feel free to post it to you blog as well, Stephen.
9:05 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
@Roz MOOC aphorisms...
9:05 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
I will also blog it on mine at http://www.serendipity35.net/
9:06 pm

Roz Hussin
Yes, Kenneth, we should start a dictionary for MOOCs
9:06 pm
Mohamed Khadim disconnected
9:06 pm

Rob Straby
Thanks Kenneth!
9:06 pm

Roz Hussin
Kenneth, if you have a minute, may I engage in a chat with you?
9:06 pm

Maribel Pepe
@Roz thanks
9:06 pm

Roz Hussin
Thanks everyone! Wonderful questions! I enjoyed this so much!
9:06 pm
George Meghabghab disconnected
9:06 pm

Kenneth Ronkowitz
https://learn.canvas.net/cours​es/42/wiki/mooc-aphorisms Add to it!
9:07 pm

Stephen Downes
OK, archive is openly posted here: http://halfanhour.blogspot.ca/​2013/05/cn1376-acadmooc.html
 
Read More
Posted in | No comments

Tuesday, 7 May 2013

Open for business: Refocused NRC

Posted on 10:12 by Unknown

So here is what has been roiling Canada's National Research Council over the last three years:

NRC held a press conference in downtown Ottawa this morning with Gary Goodyear, Minister of State (Science and Technology), John R. McDougall, President of the National Research Council of Canada and, Deputy Leader of the Government at the Senate, Claude Carignan. Maybe NRC management will send the information to all staff, but in case it doesn’t, here is the relevant information. Essentially, NRC is now making public its transition from the old model to a program-based Research and Technology Organization.

The NRC Launch (as it is called) has its own Twitter Hashtag: #NRCLaunch And there's a lot more commentary on the plain #NRC hashtag.

Here was the announcement: http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/news/advisories/2013/nrc_announce.html

I have made an audio recording of the press conference, which is available here:
http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/NRC%20Press%20Conference%202013%2005%2007.mp3

Here’s the press release that accompanied today’s press conference:

The National Research Council of Canada (NRC) has transformed into an industry-focused research and technology organization. The refocused NRC will work with Canadian industries to bridge technology gaps, helping build a more innovative Canadian economy.

“NRC plays a pivotal role at the heart of Canada’s innovation system,” said the Honourable Gary Goodyear, Minister of State (Science and Technology). “The refocused NRC will provide Canadian industries with access to strategic research and development, technical services and specialized scientific infrastructure they need to succeed.”

“The Government’s top priority is jobs, growth and long-term prosperity for all Canadians,” said the Honourable Claude Carignan, Deputy Leader of the Government at the Senate. “By refocusing the NRC into a research and technology organization, our Government is ensuring that Canadian firms have the instruments and tools they need to become even more successful on the global stage.”
 
The refocused NRC will support Canadian industries by investing in large-scale research projects that are directed by and for Canadian business. It will also develop international networks to ensure timely access to primary research and will open the doors to world class scientific infrastructure, technical expertise and people.

“We are very excited about this change. Our organization is now easier for business to understand and access,” said John R. McDougall, President of the National Research Council. “We are committed to being a strong partner for innovation, and focused on achieving the concrete outcomes that will contribute to a stronger and more prosperous Canada. We will measure our success by the success of our clients.”

Research and technology organizations are mission-oriented providers of innovation services to firms and governments, dedicated to building economic competitiveness and, in doing so, improving quality of life. The refocused NRC will strengthen Canadian industry by encouraging more business investment to develop innovative products and services.

http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/news/releases/2013/nrc_business.html

Here is some CBC coverage of the announcement: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/story/2013/05/07/technology-nrc-business.html
 
The Harper government is telling the National Research Council to focus more on practical, commercial science and less on fundamental science that may not have obvious business applications.

The government says the council traditionally was a supporter of business, but has wandered from that in recent years — and will now get back to working on practical applications for industries.

The council has become a loose web of individual fiefdoms, each pursuing its own goals, Gary Goodyear, minister of state for science and technology, told a news conference Tuesday.
The result, he said, was an inflexible agency that had lost its ability to respond to the demands and needs of industry.
I wasn't sure I could share this outside NRC, but all staff received a message from the NRC president later today saying, in part, "This is indeed a defining moment for NRC. And I invite all of you to join me in helping to tell the world about all that we now have to offer." So I'll do that.

The President also wrote,
Today’s public announcement is the first clear signal to businesses both large and small that our doors are open and we’re ready for their business. We’ve positioned ourselves to be a valued partner aligned with strategic national and industry needs.
We can now all feel a tremendous sense of satisfaction in being able to widely broadcast our new agenda. Our revamped, more businesslike practices are in place and we have a strong roster of robust programs ready to go. Our IRAP program, widely recognized and highly successful has received new funding and new responsibilities in the last two years - through it we will also continue to support Canada’s small- and medium-sized companies.
I’m proud of what we’ve already accomplished and I hope you are too. Today was the first public announcement on the national stage, but there are many more to come. I think you’ll find there is much about NRC to be proud of as we publicly roll out targeted new research programs in coming weeks and months.
I have a lot of good things to say about IRAP and I think they've done a lot to get some good Canadian startups off the ground.

Some notes (these are not a part of the official announcement and constitute my personal observations solely):

The German Fraunhofer Society was mentioned numerous times as the inspiration for the new model for the NRC. We should note especially that the Society has “€1.9 billion annual research budget totaling. Of this sum, €1.6 billion is generated through contract research. More than 70 percent of the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft’s contract research revenue is derived from contracts with industry and from publicly financed research projects. Almost 30 percent is contributed by the German federal and Länder governments in the form of base funding.” http://www.fraunhofer.de/en/about-fraunhofer.html This is really downplayed in the press conference, but there is a mention of it at the 38:50 mark of the recording.

That said:

- the Fraunhofer Society is divided into some 60 institutes spread throughout Germany, each focusing on different fields of applied science, in contrast to the program-driven approach NRC has adopted

- Wikipedia notes, “the size of the society's budget depends largely on its success in maximizing revenue from commissions. This funding model applies not just to the central society itself but also to the individual institutes. This serves both to drive the realisation of the Fraunhofer Society's strategic direction of becoming a leader in applied research as well as encouraging a flexible, autonomous and entrepreneurial approach to the society's research priorities.” We have yet to see this applied at NRC. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraunhofer_Society

- Science Research in Germany is also conducted by the Max Planck Society, which supports “basic research in the interest of the general public in the natural sciences, life sciences, social sciences, and the arts and humanities. They have a total staff of approx. 13,000 permanent employees, including 4,700 scientists, plus around 11,000 non-tenured scientists and guests. Their budget for 2006 was about €1.4 billion, with 84% from state and federal funds.” With the shift of NRC to an RTO, Canada will have no equivalent to the Max Planck Society, and no direct federal investment in basic research.

Obviously I would prefer to be on the Max Planck Society side of the house, rather than the Fraunhofer Society side of the house. It concerns me that the only people able to access my services as a researcher will be those able to pay for them.

But this is where I am, and NRC does pay the bills, so I have been doing my part to position the Learning and Communications Technology part of NRC in such a way as to offer support for the Canadian e-learning industry. But to be clear here: there are six layers of management above me, not counting the PM, Minister and Deputy Minister, and they all have more say in what an e-learning program looks like than I do, which has made it very difficult to innovate, to meet the needs of industry, and generate economic and social outcomes.

A lot of what made NRC an attractive place to work has been taken off the table. I'm not sure what I will be doing in the future.
Read More
Posted in | No comments

Saturday, 4 May 2013

Assessment in MOOCs

Posted on 08:17 by Unknown
I was asked: "I was wondering how they might work with the Humanities, as I teach Seventeenth-Century Literature, Shakespeare and other related subjects, which require research papers and final examinations. I can see using MOOCs for people who simply have a (non-credit) interest in these subjects, but I can't see myself marking 5,000 term papers, and a similar number of exams. Multiple-choice evaluation, as in science, is easily taken care of electronically, but not in humanities. I am sure this looks like a naive question, but I think MOOCs are a wonderful idea for people who simply wish to enrich their knowledge, and would like to know a little more about them."

First of all, the MOOCs I have worked on have not focused on assessment - they have been courses, yes, with a small number (20 or so) taking them for credit, but the vast majority of participants auditing. So the question of marking term papers never came up. And like you, I would not contemplate multiple-choice exams in humanities and literature courses.

If you really need assessment, a few solutions have been proposed and, to a limited extend, tried out:

- automated essay assessment - this is not as far-fetched as it may seem, though it's not necessarily a cure-all. Automated essay assessment needs to be seeded with a large number of already-marked essays; on being given this seed, it extracts the properties of high-quality essays, and then matches new essays to those properties. There's a really good essay describing the process here: http://mfeldstein.com/si-ways-the-edx-announcement-gets-automated-essay-grading-wrong/  Here's another article: http://tlt.its.psu.edu/2013/04/12/mooc-moments-essay-grading-software/

- another form of automated assessment is based on task-completion or success-based metrics. The best example of this is Codeacademy. http://www.codecademy.com/#!/exercises/0 It's a bit like programmed learning http://www.gsis.kumamoto-u.ac.jp/en/opencourses/pf/3Block/07/07-2_text.html where people can be stepped through the material soliciting active learner responses; "The extent of a learner's understanding is ascertained from what is demonstrated in the responses." In many casdes, this can be supported through a form of self-assessment, using simple techniques such as flash cards and more complex techniques such as sample responses to questions; the participant can determine for themselves whether they passed and can move on.

- peer assessment - essays are graded not by professors but by other course participants. This would require that each essay be graded by a largeish number of other participants, otherwise, the grading would be no better than random. How large is enough? It might be too large, especially when you account for people who grade without reading, people who grade based on poor criteria, etc. Peer grading can work really well for blog posts and discussion lists, where it can be managed with a simple thumbs-up thumbs-down metric. Here's an example: http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/20/education/colleges-turn-to-crowd-sourcing-courses.html?_r=0  And the fact of being graded by peers often spurs people to greater accomplishment. There's some discussion of peer grading here: http://degreeoffreedom.org/moocs-and-peer-grading-1/   And here's a critique of the technique: http://www.insidehighered.com/views/2013/03/05/essays-flaws-peer-grading-moocs

- network-based grading - in this model, individuals are not graded by means of grading individual pieces of work, but rather are graded according to network metrics; the idea is that quality work will produce quality network metrics. The model is not unlike that pioneered by Klout http://klout.com/home which counts the number of Twitter followers, Facebook likes, and similar indicators, to produce a single Klout score.

The problem with Klout is that it is simplistic and easily gamed. Nonetheless there is potential for a more fine-grained assessment to look at how ideas created by one person propagate through a network, to look at whether a person's reading recommendations have become influential, and similar less obvious measures. These can be pretty fine-grained, based on semantic analysis. Here's a simple example, of a Twitter scanner that looks for instances of bullying (obviously, something that would lower the person's score): http://phys.org/news/2012-08-machines-scour-twitter-bullying.html And here are some links to research by my colleagues at NRC on the analysis of sentiments and emotions in online postings: http://www.umiacs.umd.edu/~saif/

Each of the last two methods run some risks:

-  the "blind-leading-the-blind" phenomenon, whereby the collection of participants in a course can elevate myths about the subject matter to the status of fact (I remember instances from my childhood, where the position of "backcatcher" became a baseball position, and "touching iron" became a foul in basketful).

- the "charlatan" phenomenon - Students not already expert in a subject matter may mistakenly believe that one of their member is an expert.

For these reasons, I have always recommended that a MOOC seek to attract not only students and novices in a discipline, but also practitioners and experts in the discipline. Such people will quite rightly gain the greatest 'authority' according to peer or assessment measures, and as a result, their actions (such as relaying an idea, passing on a link, etc.) will gain more weight, shifting the outcome of peer or network based assessment to one based more on credibility.

The difficulty lies in attracting these people, who are often very busy, to a MOOC. This is one of the benefits of scale; a very large MOOC is more likely to attract experts (and the presence of experts is more likely to increase the size of the MOOC). But experts aren't likely to attend a carefully choreographed "Intro to Victorian Literature" course; it's all very old and familiar to them. The model of learning needs to changed to involved the experts.

This is what we attempted, with some success, in our connectivist MOOCs - rather than set it up as a series of lessons, we set it up as a series of discussions. The experts would participate at a high level, often interacting mostly with each other, while participants at other levels observed and were able to emulate this practice. Yes, we did provide scaffolding, to help the novices get into the flow of the discussion, but the scaffolding did not become the course.

Another model of MOOC addresses the issue by sharing the assessment.

The "distributed MOOC" is essentially a MOOC that is shared by a number of institutions (again, this was something we attempted in the earliest connectivist MOOCs). Today this is sometimes being called a 'wrapped MOOC'. The idea is that some of all of the MOOC contents are shared by members of classes from any number of institutions. Participants interact with each other, and follow online events and resources together. Each, though, is subject to individual assessment by their home institution, which may attach whatever rubric to the material they wish.

A final option is to bypass grading entirely, and let a person's outcomes stand on their own as evidence of accomplishment in the course. this is the objective of portfolio-based courses, more common in the arts and writing, but also increasingly popular in the sciences, and especially design, engineering and computing. The idea is essentially that a person presents an artifact that can be studied directly by potential employers. This artifact may or may not be subject to peer grading, which may produce a course score. But the course score is secondary to the artifact itself. Here's a quick guide to portfolio-bases assessment http://www.unm.edu/~devalenz/handouts/portfolio.html

One of the advantages of portfolio-based assessment is that it removes the ambiguity inherent in grades that result from tests and assignments. Here, for example, is an article describing how portfolio-bases assessment can help parents see directly how well their children are performing. http://www.earlychildhoodnews.com/earlychildhood/article_view.aspx?ArticleID=495 Portfolio-based assessment is often based on matching production to rubrics; this example http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17457074 demonstrates portfolio-based assessment in medicine.
Read More
Posted in | No comments
Newer Posts Older Posts Home
Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)

Popular Posts

  • Blogs in Education
    Submission for a forthcoming STRIDE handbook for The Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU). See related handbooks here . What is a ...
  • Learning and Performance Support Systems
    This post is to introduce you to our Learning and Performance Support Systems program, a new $19 million 5-year initiative at the National R...
  • Concepts
    On 2013-10-12 9:02 AM, Matthias Melcher wrote: If we consider, on one hand, all the aggregated connection patterns that make up a simple con...
  • Intro Video for CQU Seminar
  • Making Up Facts
    I think I'll stop reading Willingham if he persists in making stuff up. He writes, "Prior knowledge is vital to comprehension beca...
  • Social Media: An Interview
    I was asked to contribute my responses to interview questions on social media for a new journal,  Future Learning ,  and of course I was ha...
  • International MOOCs Past and Present
    OpenLearning.com , a venture born out of the University of New South Wales ( UNSW ) in Sydney, Australia. Starting this week, you can begin ...
  • Advice to OcTEL
    Context: email to David Jennings, on the occasion of the start of the OcTEL MOOC , in which participants have been flooded with introductory...
  • How To Fix Google+ Circles
    What's the difference between what Google+ does and what I do now? Let me explain, and in so doing point to a way to 'fix' Googl...
  • Research Ethics
    Blog summary of an NRC-IIT summary on research ethics held in Fredericton on Tuesday. Speakers were given an opportunity to review the text ...

Categories

  • #change11
  • Connectivism
  • http://www.blogger.com/img/gl.link.gif
  • Shakespeare

Blog Archive

  • ▼  2013 (68)
    • ▼  December (1)
      • Learning and Performance Support Systems
    • ►  November (5)
    • ►  October (6)
    • ►  September (7)
    • ►  July (3)
    • ►  June (5)
    • ►  May (6)
    • ►  April (18)
    • ►  March (8)
    • ►  February (2)
    • ►  January (7)
  • ►  2012 (56)
    • ►  December (3)
    • ►  November (7)
    • ►  October (7)
    • ►  September (7)
    • ►  August (2)
    • ►  July (2)
    • ►  June (3)
    • ►  May (1)
    • ►  April (5)
    • ►  March (6)
    • ►  February (6)
    • ►  January (7)
  • ►  2011 (86)
    • ►  December (7)
    • ►  November (11)
    • ►  October (8)
    • ►  September (6)
    • ►  August (1)
    • ►  July (8)
    • ►  June (7)
    • ►  May (10)
    • ►  April (2)
    • ►  March (4)
    • ►  February (11)
    • ►  January (11)
  • ►  2010 (108)
    • ►  December (9)
    • ►  November (9)
    • ►  October (12)
    • ►  September (4)
    • ►  August (6)
    • ►  July (10)
    • ►  June (9)
    • ►  May (9)
    • ►  April (9)
    • ►  March (12)
    • ►  February (9)
    • ►  January (10)
  • ►  2009 (85)
    • ►  December (3)
    • ►  October (8)
    • ►  September (7)
    • ►  August (4)
    • ►  July (15)
    • ►  June (5)
    • ►  May (7)
    • ►  April (6)
    • ►  March (17)
    • ►  February (7)
    • ►  January (6)
  • ►  2008 (94)
    • ►  December (5)
    • ►  November (7)
    • ►  October (7)
    • ►  September (6)
    • ►  August (16)
    • ►  July (11)
    • ►  June (6)
    • ►  May (6)
    • ►  April (5)
    • ►  March (4)
    • ►  February (7)
    • ►  January (14)
  • ►  2007 (3)
    • ►  December (3)
Powered by Blogger.

About Me

Unknown
View my complete profile